Todd’s paralysis (postictal paralysis) is a transient central paresis or plegia in one or two limbs that appear after an epileptic paroxysm. It is a symptom of central nervous system exhaustion and may indicate the presence of a brain tumor and dysmetabolic disorders. It is possible to diagnose postictal paralysis only if an acute violation of…
Erb’s palsy is a musculotonic, sensitive and trophic disorders that develop when the upper trunk of the brachial plexus is damaged. The most common obstetric Erb’s palsy, which occurs when the plexus is injured during obstetric aids. The disease is characterized by a violation of the abduction, supination and lifting of the shoulder, as well as…
Panic attack is an unpredictably occurring attack of severe fear or anxiety, combined with a variety of vegetative multiple organ symptoms. During an attack, a combination of several of the following symptoms may occur: hyperhidrosis, palpitations, difficulty breathing, chills, hot flashes, fear of madness or death, nausea, dizziness, etc. Confirmation of the diagnosis is the…
Falls in older people are a geriatric syndrome, the main clinical symptom of which is the case when a person over 60 years old inadvertently suddenly finds himself on the floor or ground. Concomitant symptoms depend on the existing background diseases. Diagnosis of the causes of the syndrome is carried out using laboratory tests, radiography,…
Ophthalmoplegic migraine is a recurrent paroxysmal cephalgia of a migraine nature, accompanied by transient paresis of one or more nerves of the oculomotor group without signs of their intracranial lesion. Ophthalmoplegic migraine is characterized by a long duration of headache and even longer preservation of oculomotor dysfunction (strabismus, double vision, ptosis, mydriasis). Diagnosis involves conducting…
Spinal cord edema is a nonspecific pathological process in which there is an excessive accumulation of fluid in the intercellular spaces. The disease occurs as a complication of spinal cord injury, tumor process, demyelinating or vascular pathologies. The condition is manifested by ascending paralysis, loss of all types of sensitivity, lack of reflexes, and other…
Cerebral edema is a rapidly developing accumulation of fluid in the cerebral tissues, leading to death without adequate medical care. The basis of the clinical picture is a gradually or rapidly increasing deterioration of the patient’s condition and deepening of disorders of consciousness, accompanied by meningeal signs and muscular atony. The diagnosis is confirmed by…
Acute transverse myelitis is a heterogeneous syndrome characterized by inflammation of the white matter of the spinal cord. The condition occurs due to infectious, inflammatory, autoimmune processes, occasionally develops as an idiopathic variant. The acute process is manifested by bilateral sensitivity disorders below the lesion, sluggish paralysis, pelvic disorders. Diagnosis requires spinal and cerebral MR…
Spinal osteochondrosis is a chronic disease in which degenerative changes of the vertebrae and intervertebral discs located between them occur. Depending on the location of the lesion of the spine, there are: osteochondrosis of the cervical spine, osteochondrosis of the thoracic spine and osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine. To diagnose spinal osteochondrosis, radiography is necessary,…
Oromandibular dystonia is a paroxysmal dystonia accompanied by violent movements of the muscles of the oral and mandibular groups. The main symptoms include uncontrolled movements of the lower jaw and lips, trism, facial asymmetry, spontaneous smile, the use of corrective gestures. Diagnosis is based on the data of anamnesis and general clinical examination, the results…
