Neurasthenia (asthenic neurosis) is a pathological condition of the human nervous system that occurs as a result of its exhaustion during prolonged mental or physical overload. Neurasthenia is most often found in people 20-40 years old, in women a little less often than in men. It develops with prolonged physical overstrain (strenuous work, insufficient sleep,…
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease is a progressive chronic hereditary disease with damage to the peripheral nervous system, leading to muscular atrophy of the distal parts of the legs, and then the arms. Along with atrophy, hypesthesia and extinction of tendon reflexes, fascicular twitching of muscles are observed. Diagnostic measures include electromyography, electroneurography, genetic counseling and DNA diagnostics,…
Glossopharyngeal neuralgia is a unilateral lesion of the IX cranial nerve, manifested by paroxysms of pain in the root of the tongue, tonsils, pharynx, soft palate and ear. It is accompanied by a violation of the taste perception of the posterior 1/3 of the tongue on the side of the lesion, a violation of salivation,…
Neuralgia of the ear node is a disease of the ear vegetative ganglion, manifested by paroxysms of vegetalgia that engulfs the parotid region and the ear. During an attack, pain can radiate to the back of the head, lower jaw, neck, shoulder girdle, arm and upper chest. Paroxysm is accompanied by hypersalivation, sometimes — clicks…
Trigeminal neuralgia is a recurrent lesion of the trigeminal cranial nerve characterized by shooting paroxysmal prosopalgia. The clinical picture consists of repeated paroxysms of unilateral intense facial pain. Alternation of phases of exacerbation and remission is typical. Diagnosis is based on clinical data, the results of neurological examination, additional studies (CT, MRI). The basis of…
Neuralgia of the submandibular and sublingual nodes is a paroxysmal pain syndrome that occurs in the tongue, sublingual and submandibular area. It is accompanied by a violation of the autonomic innervation of the sublingual and submandibular salivary glands with salivation disorder. The diagnosis of neuralgia is carried out by a neurologist on the basis of…
Occipital neuralgia is paroxysmal pain in the occipital–parietal region of the head, which is caused by irritation of the large / small occipital nerves. Pathology occurs with degenerative changes in the cervical vertebrae, compression of nerve structures by muscles or dilated venous vessels. The condition is manifested by painful paroxysms that last for several minutes…
Pierre Marie’s hereditary cerebellar ataxia is a genetically determined steadily progressive lesion of the cerebellum associated with its degenerative changes. Develops after 20 years. In the clinical picture, cerebellar ataxia is combined with hyperreflexia, ophthalmological disorders and a decrease in intelligence. The diagnostic algorithm provides for neurological and ophthalmological examination, MRI of the brain, ultrasound…
Circadian rhythm disorder are one of the variants of insomnia, in which there is a mismatch between the internal sleep—wake cycle and the external day-night cycle. The condition develops with the change of time zones (jetlag), shift and shift work schedules, neurological diseases. Disorders of circadian rhythms cause psychoemotional disorders, reduce performance, increase the risk of…
Cerebrospinal circulation disorders are acute and chronic circulatory disorders caused by pathology or extravasal compression of blood vessels supplying the spinal cord. Clinical manifestations of cerebrospinal circulation disorders can be para- and tetraplegia, paresis, violation of various types of sensitivity, urination and defecation disorders. In the diagnosis of vascular disorders, CT and MRI of the…