Gestational diabetes is a special form of diabetes mellitus that develops in women during pregnancy due to hormonal imbalance. The main symptom of this disease is an increase in blood glucose levels after eating and maintaining the indicator normal on an empty stomach. Gestational diabetes poses a threat to the fetus, as it can cause…
Genitourinary syndrome of menopause is a symptom complex of changes on the part of the genitourinary system, which is caused by a decrease in the level of female sex steroids. It occurs in more than half of menopausal patients and is caused by specific reactions of epithelial cells to hormonal imbalance. The pathological condition is…
Genital tuberculosis is an infection of the female genital organs caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Genital tuberculosis is manifested by menstrual dysfunction, infertility, subfebrility, intoxication, chronic pelvic pain. Diagnosis is based on anamnesis data, the results of tuberculin tests, endometrial smear and scraping studies, ultrasound, laparoscopy, hysterosalpingography. Treatment includes specific drug therapy, physiotherapy, and, according to…
Genital herpes in women is a persistent infection caused by HSV–1, 2 and occurring with a specific lesion of the mucous membranes of the genitals. It is manifested by periodic vesicular rashes in the urogenital tract, which are accompanied by erosion, exudation, burning sensation and soreness. General well-being is often disturbed: there is subfebrility, malaise,…
Hemorrhoids during pregnancy are varicose veins of the hemorrhoidal plexus, the occurrence or exacerbation of which is provoked by gestation. It is manifested by itching, burning, discomfort, pain in the anus, bloody and mucous discharge from the anus, loss of nodes. It is diagnosed using finger rectal examination, anoscopy, rectoromanoscopy. Dietary therapy, herbal laxatives, phlebotonics,…
Hemolytic disease of the newborn is an intrauterine immunological conflict caused by incompatibility of fetal and maternal blood for a number of antigens, which leads to hemolysis of the child’s erythrocytes under the influence of maternal antibodies that overcome the placental barrier. Hemolytic disease of the newborn can occur in edematous, jaundice, anemic form and…
Hematosalpinx is a pathological condition in which blood accumulates in the lumen of the fallopian tube. The main manifestation of the disease is pulling pains in the lower abdomen and lumbar region. Pain sensations have different intensity, are most present on the side of the lesion, may periodically subside and reappear. Laboratory tests, clinical examination,…
Hematometra is a violation of the evacuation of blood from the uterine cavity, leading to its accumulation in the organ. It can develop after childbirth, abortion, intrauterine interventions. Hematometra can be suspected based on a comparison of anamnesis with complaints of sudden cessation of blood flow after intrauterine intervention, a feeling of heaviness and cramping pains in…
Hematocolpos is a pathological condition characterized by the accumulation of menstrual blood in the vagina due to the closure of its lumen. It is accompanied by vaginal itching, amenorrhea, pain in the lower abdomen, sometimes a violation of urination and defecation, soreness of sexual intercourse, its difficulty or complete impossibility. Diagnostic measures include gynecological examination,…
Gardnerella vaginalis is a vaginal dysbiosis associated with a sharp quantitative and qualitative violation of the normal vaginal microflora, a decrease in the number of lactobacilli and the proliferation of opportunistic microorganisms, including gardnerella. It is characterized by the appearance of abundant vaginal discharge of a grayish hue with an unpleasant odor. Untreated bacterial vaginosis…