Gynecology is a field of clinical medicine that studies anatomical features, physiological processes occurring in a woman’s body during various periods of life, as well as diseases of the female genital sphere, methods of their recognition, prevention and treatment. Therapy and prevention of gynecological diseases is a concern not only for women’s health, but also for motherhood, the health of future generations. In this regard, the indisputably important social importance of gynecology as a science and as a clinical discipline.
The task of gynecology is to protect a woman’s health throughout her life. In recent years, some gynecological diseases have become “younger”, therefore, pediatric gynecology is developing, studying the anatomical, physiological and pathological features of the child and adolescent organism. Obstetrics studies the physiology and pathology of the female body during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. Gynecological endocrinology deals with the problem of hormonal changes in a woman’s body, menstrual function disorders and issues of the menopausal period.
Sometimes even the most insignificant deviations in female physiology can have a significant impact on a woman’s body. For their part, infectious, endocrine, nervous and other diseases can provoke diseases of the female genital sphere. Therefore, the treatment of gynecological diseases sometimes requires the involvement of other medical specialists: a mammologist, a urologist, a venereologist, an oncologist.
It’s no secret that a woman’s health is the key to her family and maternal happiness, as well as a full sexual life. Therefore, in modern gynecology, prevention of diseases of the female genital sphere, issues of contraception and family planning play an important role. Preventive examination by a gynecologist 1-2 times a year should become the norm of behavior for every woman.
The use of modern and reliable methods of contraception makes it possible to exclude the possibility of an unwanted pregnancy, and, accordingly, its artificial termination. A conscious and attentive attitude to her health will help a woman avoid many gynecological diseases and in the future experience the happiness of having healthy and full-fledged children.
Gynecological diseases can be divided into several groups: inflammatory diseases (adnexitis, vulvitis, vaginitis, cervicitis, endometritis, etc.); diseases caused by hormonal changes (menstrual disorders, polycystic ovaries, uterine fibroids, etc.); dystrophic, hyperplastic and tumor diseases (leukoplakia, kraurosis, cervical erosion, ovarian cysts, etc.). Each disease has its own clinical manifestations, but the most characteristic symptoms of many women’s diseases are abdominal pain, pathological discharge from the genital tract, menstrual function disorders.
Modern methods are widely used in the diagnosis of women’s diseases today: laboratory, ultrasound, endoscopic, laparoscopic, allowing to recognize the disease in its initial phase and timely carry out the necessary treatment.
The gold standard of gynecology assumes that even a woman who feels completely healthy, at least 1 time a year should undergo ultrasound of the pelvic organs, ultrasound of the mammary glands and take a cytological smear.
Creating a Medical directory of diseases on the website “Medic Journal”, we sought to provide you with the most complete information, including about existing gynecological diseases, prevention and control measures.
Medical science and practice does not stand still. Currently, new methods of healing previously considered incurable female ailments are emerging. The handbook of women’s diseases provides information on the latest methods of treatment of the most common women’s diseases.
Postpartum depression is an affective disorder caused by adaptation to the role of a mother and hormonal changes in a woman’s body. It is manifested by depressed mood, causeless tearfulness, anxiety, irritability, increased vulnerability, fears for the health of the child, uncertainty in their own skills of care and upbringing. Diagnosis is carried out with…
Heart disease in pregnancy are congenital or acquired anatomical abnormalities of the heart valves, orifices, intracardial septa, aorta and pulmonary artery, the course of which may become complicated during gestation or worsen its prognosis. They manifest weakness, fatigue, drowsiness, heaviness in the legs, shortness of breath, palpitations, peripheral edema, dry cough. They are diagnosed using…
Transverse baby position is an incorrect location of the fetus in the uterus, in which its longitudinal axis intersects with the axis of the uterus at an angle of 90 °; in this case, large parts of the fetus (buttocks, head) are located above the line of the ridges of the iliac bones of the…
Complete placenta previa is a variant of placental tissue placement, in which it completely overlaps the internal pharynx of the uterus. It is manifested by painless bloody discharge of varying intensity, occurring mainly in the second half of the gestational period. In the diagnosis, transvaginal ultrasound is used, less often — MRI and vaginal examination.…
Cervical polyp are tumor–like formations emanating from the cylindrical epithelium of the endocervix and growing into the lumen of the cervix. Polyps of the cervical canal usually manifest themselves as whites, contact bleeding, pulling pains. Diagnosis of cervical polyp includes vaginal examination, colposcopy, cervicoscopy, histological analysis of cervical scraping. Removal of the cervical canal polyp…
Uterine polyps is a focal hyperplasia of the endometrium, characterized by pathological growth of the uterine mucosa in the form of single or multiple neoplasms on a wide base or pedicle. Disease is manifested by uterine bleeding, periodic pain, infertility. Uterine polyps is diagnosed during a comprehensive gynecological examination – examination, ultrasound, hysteroscopy, histological examination. Treatment…
Vaginal polyp is a benign formation originating from the vaginal mucosa. It can occur both asymptomatically and with a variety of clinical manifestations: a feeling of pressure or a foreign body, bloody and other pathological secretions from the genital tract, postcoital bleeding. The diagnosis of vaginal polyps is based on the data of gynecological examination,…
Polycystic ovary syndrome is an increase in gonads due to cystic atresia of follicles. It is one of the signs of polycystic ovarian syndrome and is often used as a synonym for this pathology. Other symptoms of the disease include menstrual and reproductive dysfunction, signs of virilization, obesity. The diagnosis is based on anamnesis data,…
Late pregnancy is a gestation that has occurred in a woman whose age exceeds 35 years. In addition to the characteristic signs of a normal pregnancy, weakness and fatigue are more pronounced in patients, swelling of the lower extremities, pasty face, headaches, dizziness attacks, heaviness, painful sensations in the lower abdomen occur more often. The…
Late miscarriage is a spontaneous variant of termination of pregnancy at gestational age from 13 to 22 weeks. Depending on the stage, a woman experiences pain of a pulling or cramping type in the lower back and lower abdomen, bloody vaginal discharge is noted, the fetal egg or its fragments depart. For diagnosis, bimanual palpation,…
