Gynecology is a field of clinical medicine that studies anatomical features, physiological processes occurring in a woman’s body during various periods of life, as well as diseases of the female genital sphere, methods of their recognition, prevention and treatment. Therapy and prevention of gynecological diseases is a concern not only for women’s health, but also for motherhood, the health of future generations. In this regard, the indisputably important social importance of gynecology as a science and as a clinical discipline.
The task of gynecology is to protect a woman’s health throughout her life. In recent years, some gynecological diseases have become “younger”, therefore, pediatric gynecology is developing, studying the anatomical, physiological and pathological features of the child and adolescent organism. Obstetrics studies the physiology and pathology of the female body during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. Gynecological endocrinology deals with the problem of hormonal changes in a woman’s body, menstrual function disorders and issues of the menopausal period.
Sometimes even the most insignificant deviations in female physiology can have a significant impact on a woman’s body. For their part, infectious, endocrine, nervous and other diseases can provoke diseases of the female genital sphere. Therefore, the treatment of gynecological diseases sometimes requires the involvement of other medical specialists: a mammologist, a urologist, a venereologist, an oncologist.
It’s no secret that a woman’s health is the key to her family and maternal happiness, as well as a full sexual life. Therefore, in modern gynecology, prevention of diseases of the female genital sphere, issues of contraception and family planning play an important role. Preventive examination by a gynecologist 1-2 times a year should become the norm of behavior for every woman.
The use of modern and reliable methods of contraception makes it possible to exclude the possibility of an unwanted pregnancy, and, accordingly, its artificial termination. A conscious and attentive attitude to her health will help a woman avoid many gynecological diseases and in the future experience the happiness of having healthy and full-fledged children.
Gynecological diseases can be divided into several groups: inflammatory diseases (adnexitis, vulvitis, vaginitis, cervicitis, endometritis, etc.); diseases caused by hormonal changes (menstrual disorders, polycystic ovaries, uterine fibroids, etc.); dystrophic, hyperplastic and tumor diseases (leukoplakia, kraurosis, cervical erosion, ovarian cysts, etc.). Each disease has its own clinical manifestations, but the most characteristic symptoms of many women’s diseases are abdominal pain, pathological discharge from the genital tract, menstrual function disorders.
Modern methods are widely used in the diagnosis of women’s diseases today: laboratory, ultrasound, endoscopic, laparoscopic, allowing to recognize the disease in its initial phase and timely carry out the necessary treatment.
The gold standard of gynecology assumes that even a woman who feels completely healthy, at least 1 time a year should undergo ultrasound of the pelvic organs, ultrasound of the mammary glands and take a cytological smear.
Creating a Medical directory of diseases on the website “Medic Journal”, we sought to provide you with the most complete information, including about existing gynecological diseases, prevention and control measures.
Medical science and practice does not stand still. Currently, new methods of healing previously considered incurable female ailments are emerging. The handbook of women’s diseases provides information on the latest methods of treatment of the most common women’s diseases.
Ovarian cyst is a tumor–like formation of the ovary of a benign nature. It is a cavity on the leg filled with liquid contents and tends to increase its size due to the accumulation of secretions. There are ovarian cysts (follicular, corpus luteum cysts, endometrioid, etc.) and supra-ovarian appendage (paraovarial). It often proceeds asymptomatically, may…
Cervical cyst is a non–tumor or tumor formation that represents a cavity with liquid or fat-like contents. The symptoms of the disease vary from the complete absence of visible manifestations to an increase in the volume of mucous discharge from the genital tract, contact bleeding, menstrual disorders. The diagnosis is based on anamnestic data, the…
Corpus luteum cyst is a functional retention formation of ovarian tissue that forms on the site of an unregressed corpus luteum. The cyst of the ovarian corpus luteum is almost asymptomatic; in rare cases it is accompanied by minor pain in the lower abdomen, menstrual cycle disorders, complicated course. Diagnostics includes a gynecologist’s examination, ultrasound,…
Gartner’s duct cyst is an embryonic benign non–tumor formation, more often localized in the anterolateral wall of the vagina. It usually proceeds asymptomatically, is detected randomly in the form of single or multiple nodes of 2-3 cm in size (less often – 6 cm or more). The presence of large cysts can be accompanied by…
Vaginal cyst is a retention tumor–like formation of the vaginal wall that does not have proliferative growth, but increases as a result of the accumulation of liquid contents. Vaginal cysts develop asymptomatically for a long time and are more often detected during oncoprophylactic examinations by a gynecologist. When a cyst reaches a large size, it…
Bartholin cyst is a retention formation that forms when the duct of the large gland of the vestibule of the vagina is blocked, stenosis or overgrowth. With small sizes, it does not cause unpleasant sensations. Large cysts can cause a feeling of heaviness when walking, dyspareunia. The addition of infection provokes inflammation, the appearance of…
Ovarian carcinoid is a tumor of the female gonads, prone to the production of hormones and hormone–like substances. It is their synthesis that causes various syndromes (more often carcinoid), which are often the only external manifestations of the disease. The diagnosis is established on the basis of anamnesis data, the results of radiation imaging methods,…
Tooth decay in pregnancy is the destruction of tooth enamel, cement, dentin, detected during gestation. It is manifested by a change in the color of teeth, the appearance of dark or white spots on their surface, increased sensitivity to mechanical, temperature, chemical stimuli, the occurrence of pain syndrome during exposure. It is diagnosed by examination…
Iodine deficiency during pregnancy is a group of pathological conditions caused by iodine deficiency and occurring in the gestational period. With normal thyroidogenesis, they are manifested by an increase in the circumference of the neck, difficulty swallowing and breathing, periodic coughing, decreased performance, headaches and precardial pains. In patients with impaired thyroid function, signs of…
Cervical insufficiency is a disorder associated with the opening of the cervix during embryogenesis, which leads to spontaneous abortion or premature delivery. Clinically, this pathology usually does not manifest itself in any way, sometimes there may be minor pain and a feeling of bursting, the release of mucus with blood. Ultrasound scanning is used to…
