Gynecology is a field of clinical medicine that studies anatomical features, physiological processes occurring in a woman’s body during various periods of life, as well as diseases of the female genital sphere, methods of their recognition, prevention and treatment. Therapy and prevention of gynecological diseases is a concern not only for women’s health, but also for motherhood, the health of future generations. In this regard, the indisputably important social importance of gynecology as a science and as a clinical discipline.
The task of gynecology is to protect a woman’s health throughout her life. In recent years, some gynecological diseases have become “younger”, therefore, pediatric gynecology is developing, studying the anatomical, physiological and pathological features of the child and adolescent organism. Obstetrics studies the physiology and pathology of the female body during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. Gynecological endocrinology deals with the problem of hormonal changes in a woman’s body, menstrual function disorders and issues of the menopausal period.
Sometimes even the most insignificant deviations in female physiology can have a significant impact on a woman’s body. For their part, infectious, endocrine, nervous and other diseases can provoke diseases of the female genital sphere. Therefore, the treatment of gynecological diseases sometimes requires the involvement of other medical specialists: a mammologist, a urologist, a venereologist, an oncologist.
It’s no secret that a woman’s health is the key to her family and maternal happiness, as well as a full sexual life. Therefore, in modern gynecology, prevention of diseases of the female genital sphere, issues of contraception and family planning play an important role. Preventive examination by a gynecologist 1-2 times a year should become the norm of behavior for every woman.
The use of modern and reliable methods of contraception makes it possible to exclude the possibility of an unwanted pregnancy, and, accordingly, its artificial termination. A conscious and attentive attitude to her health will help a woman avoid many gynecological diseases and in the future experience the happiness of having healthy and full-fledged children.
Gynecological diseases can be divided into several groups: inflammatory diseases (adnexitis, vulvitis, vaginitis, cervicitis, endometritis, etc.); diseases caused by hormonal changes (menstrual disorders, polycystic ovaries, uterine fibroids, etc.); dystrophic, hyperplastic and tumor diseases (leukoplakia, kraurosis, cervical erosion, ovarian cysts, etc.). Each disease has its own clinical manifestations, but the most characteristic symptoms of many women’s diseases are abdominal pain, pathological discharge from the genital tract, menstrual function disorders.
Modern methods are widely used in the diagnosis of women’s diseases today: laboratory, ultrasound, endoscopic, laparoscopic, allowing to recognize the disease in its initial phase and timely carry out the necessary treatment.
The gold standard of gynecology assumes that even a woman who feels completely healthy, at least 1 time a year should undergo ultrasound of the pelvic organs, ultrasound of the mammary glands and take a cytological smear.
Creating a Medical directory of diseases on the website “Medic Journal”, we sought to provide you with the most complete information, including about existing gynecological diseases, prevention and control measures.
Medical science and practice does not stand still. Currently, new methods of healing previously considered incurable female ailments are emerging. The handbook of women’s diseases provides information on the latest methods of treatment of the most common women’s diseases.
Leaking amniotic fluid is a pathological condition caused by a high rupture of the fetal membranes or the formation of microcracks in them. It is manifested by the constant release of a small amount of watery amniotic fluid. For diagnosis, examination with mirrors, amniotests, amniocentesis with a safe dye, examination of a vaginal smear under…
Submucosal fibroid of the uterus is a mature hormone–dependent tumor of connective tissue structures with the localization of the node under the endometrium and the direction of growth inside the uterine cavity. The development of submucosal fibroid of the uterus is accompanied by menorrhagia and metrorrhagia, pain syndrome, infertility. Diagnosis is carried out with the…
Subserosal uterine fibroid is a type of mature connective tissue tumor with an abdominal localization. The course of subcutaneous uterine fibroid may be asymptomatic for a long time. As the fibroid tumor grows, it causes a feeling of pressure and pain in the lower abdomen and pelvis, dysuric and dyspeptic disorders. Diagnosis of subserosal uterine…
Teenage pregnancy is the state of gestation of a developing embryo and fetus by an underage teenage girl. It is clinically manifested by the same signs as gestation in adults: the absence of regular menstruation, causeless nausea and vomiting, changes in taste habits, breast enlargement, hyperpigmentation of the areoles and nipples, weight gain, an increase…
Borderline ovarian tumor are neoplasms of female gonads with low malignant potential, occupying an intermediate position between malignant and benign neoplasms. They do not have pathognomonic symptoms, most often patients complain of pelvic pain, decreased appetite, nausea and bloating. Diagnosis includes gynecological examination, ultrasound and determination of the titer level of tumor markers, the final diagnosis…
Uterine hypertension in pregnancy is a pathological condition in which the tonic tension of the myometrium increases before the expected date of delivery. It is manifested by discomfort, pain, tension in the pelvis, abdomen, lower back, sacrum, perineum, increased density of the uterine wall, with a more severe course — increased urination, urge to defecate,…
Uterine damage is a violation of the anatomical integrity of the tissues of the cervix or the body of the uterus, due to the influence of mechanical, chemical, thermal, radiation and other factors. Uterine damage is usually accompanied by bleeding, pain in the lower abdomen; the formation of fistulas is possible. In the future, such…
Squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix is a malignant neoplasia formed from the cells of the squamous epithelium, acquiring various degrees of atypia. Disease may have a “mute” course. In clinically pronounced cases, it is manifested by bloody discharge, whites of various kinds, with a neglected oncoprocess – pain in the pelvic region, impaired bladder…
Placentitis is an inflammation of the placenta that occurs under the influence of non–infectious and infectious factors. Pathology of the placenta can manifest itself at any time, the symptoms depend on the severity of inflammation. Placentitis leads to dysfunction of the fetoplacental complex, its outcome is placental insufficiency, fetal development delay, intrauterine infection. The risk…
Placental polyp is a polypous formation formed in the uterine cavity from the remnants of placental tissue after complicated childbirth, artificial termination of pregnancy or miscarriage. Pathological manifestations caused by placental polyp include late postpartum or post-abortion bleeding, sometimes quite intense, leading to the development of anemia and the addition of a secondary infection. Disease…
