Gynecology is a field of clinical medicine that studies anatomical features, physiological processes occurring in a woman’s body during various periods of life, as well as diseases of the female genital sphere, methods of their recognition, prevention and treatment. Therapy and prevention of gynecological diseases is a concern not only for women’s health, but also for motherhood, the health of future generations. In this regard, the indisputably important social importance of gynecology as a science and as a clinical discipline.
The task of gynecology is to protect a woman’s health throughout her life. In recent years, some gynecological diseases have become “younger”, therefore, pediatric gynecology is developing, studying the anatomical, physiological and pathological features of the child and adolescent organism. Obstetrics studies the physiology and pathology of the female body during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. Gynecological endocrinology deals with the problem of hormonal changes in a woman’s body, menstrual function disorders and issues of the menopausal period.
Sometimes even the most insignificant deviations in female physiology can have a significant impact on a woman’s body. For their part, infectious, endocrine, nervous and other diseases can provoke diseases of the female genital sphere. Therefore, the treatment of gynecological diseases sometimes requires the involvement of other medical specialists: a mammologist, a urologist, a venereologist, an oncologist.
It’s no secret that a woman’s health is the key to her family and maternal happiness, as well as a full sexual life. Therefore, in modern gynecology, prevention of diseases of the female genital sphere, issues of contraception and family planning play an important role. Preventive examination by a gynecologist 1-2 times a year should become the norm of behavior for every woman.
The use of modern and reliable methods of contraception makes it possible to exclude the possibility of an unwanted pregnancy, and, accordingly, its artificial termination. A conscious and attentive attitude to her health will help a woman avoid many gynecological diseases and in the future experience the happiness of having healthy and full-fledged children.
Gynecological diseases can be divided into several groups: inflammatory diseases (adnexitis, vulvitis, vaginitis, cervicitis, endometritis, etc.); diseases caused by hormonal changes (menstrual disorders, polycystic ovaries, uterine fibroids, etc.); dystrophic, hyperplastic and tumor diseases (leukoplakia, kraurosis, cervical erosion, ovarian cysts, etc.). Each disease has its own clinical manifestations, but the most characteristic symptoms of many women’s diseases are abdominal pain, pathological discharge from the genital tract, menstrual function disorders.
Modern methods are widely used in the diagnosis of women’s diseases today: laboratory, ultrasound, endoscopic, laparoscopic, allowing to recognize the disease in its initial phase and timely carry out the necessary treatment.
The gold standard of gynecology assumes that even a woman who feels completely healthy, at least 1 time a year should undergo ultrasound of the pelvic organs, ultrasound of the mammary glands and take a cytological smear.
Creating a Medical directory of diseases on the website “Medic Journal”, we sought to provide you with the most complete information, including about existing gynecological diseases, prevention and control measures.
Medical science and practice does not stand still. Currently, new methods of healing previously considered incurable female ailments are emerging. The handbook of women’s diseases provides information on the latest methods of treatment of the most common women’s diseases.
Tonsillitis during pregnancy is an acute infectious inflammation of the palatine, lingual tonsils, lymphadenoid tissues on the back wall of the pharynx and in the larynx that occurred during the gestational period. It is manifested by hyperthermia, severe intoxication syndrome, sore throat, enlargement and soreness of submandibular, rarely cervical lymph nodes. It is diagnosed by pharyngoscopy,…
Anatomically narrow pelvis is a pelvis, the size of which can create an obstacle to the process of childbirth. One or several sizes of such a pelvis are 1.5-2 cm less than the norm. Pathology occurs due to congenital anomalies, rickets, polio, poor living conditions in childhood, stress, intense sports, traumatic injuries and bone tumors.…
Amniotic band syndrome are fibrous connective tissue threads originating from the amniotic membrane and stretched between the walls of the uterus. They occur as a result of small damage to the amnion in the early stages of pregnancy, violations of fetal-placental blood flow and intrauterine infections. As a rule, this disease proceed favorably and do not…
Amenorrhea is a disorder of menstrual function in which women of childbearing age (16-45 years) do not menstruate for six months or more. Amenorrhea, as a rule, is not an independent disease, but serves as a symptom of genetic, biochemical, physiological, psycho-emotional disorders in the body. To identify the causes of amenorrhea, a gynecological history…
Menstrual cramps (algomenorrhea) is a pain syndrome of varying intensity that accompanies menstruation. It is manifested by cramping or aching pain in the lower abdomen during the first day or during the entire menstruation. Severe pain can significantly worsen a woman’s well-being and limit her activity. More often it is a concomitant symptom of diseases of…
Dysmenorrhea is painful menstruation accompanied by a violation of the general condition. They occur with abnormalities of uterine development, hormonal disorders, increased excitability of the central nervous system, organic lesions of the uterus due to some inflammatory and non-inflammatory diseases, abortions and complicated childbirth. Disease is characterized by aching or cramping pains in the lower…
Maternal sepsis is a systemic complication of infections of the female genitourinary system and breast that developed during pregnancy, expulsion of the fetus and in the postpartum (post–abortion) period. It is manifested by a severe general condition, increasing weakness, fever, palpitations, shortness of breath, and a decrease in blood pressure. As the progression progresses, clouding…
Gonorrhea in women is a specific infection caused by the gram–negative microorganism Neisseria gonorrhoeae and affecting the mucous membrane of the genitourinary tract, rectum, oral cavity, pharynx. The genitourinary form is manifested by purulent discharge from the vagina with an unpleasant odor, dysuria, pulling abdominal pain, itching and soreness in the area of the external…
Varicose veins during pregnancy is an ectasia of venous vessels that occurred during the gestational period and is pathogenetically associated with it. It is manifested by heaviness, paresthesia, pain in the lower extremities and external genitals, swelling, convulsive twitching of muscles, trophic skin lesions. It is diagnosed by examination, ultrasound angioscanning methods. During pregnancy, treatment…
Obstetric peritonitis is an acute inflammation of the peritoneum resulting from its bacterial contamination during childbirth or the postpartum period. It is manifested by diffuse abdominal pain, abdominal wall tension, flatulence, stool retention, fever and an increase in general intoxication. To make a diagnosis, physical examination methods, ultrasound, abdominal radiography, laboratory diagnostic methods are used.…
