Gynecology is a field of clinical medicine that studies anatomical features, physiological processes occurring in a woman’s body during various periods of life, as well as diseases of the female genital sphere, methods of their recognition, prevention and treatment. Therapy and prevention of gynecological diseases is a concern not only for women’s health, but also for motherhood, the health of future generations. In this regard, the indisputably important social importance of gynecology as a science and as a clinical discipline.
The task of gynecology is to protect a woman’s health throughout her life. In recent years, some gynecological diseases have become “younger”, therefore, pediatric gynecology is developing, studying the anatomical, physiological and pathological features of the child and adolescent organism. Obstetrics studies the physiology and pathology of the female body during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period. Gynecological endocrinology deals with the problem of hormonal changes in a woman’s body, menstrual function disorders and issues of the menopausal period.
Sometimes even the most insignificant deviations in female physiology can have a significant impact on a woman’s body. For their part, infectious, endocrine, nervous and other diseases can provoke diseases of the female genital sphere. Therefore, the treatment of gynecological diseases sometimes requires the involvement of other medical specialists: a mammologist, a urologist, a venereologist, an oncologist.
It’s no secret that a woman’s health is the key to her family and maternal happiness, as well as a full sexual life. Therefore, in modern gynecology, prevention of diseases of the female genital sphere, issues of contraception and family planning play an important role. Preventive examination by a gynecologist 1-2 times a year should become the norm of behavior for every woman.
The use of modern and reliable methods of contraception makes it possible to exclude the possibility of an unwanted pregnancy, and, accordingly, its artificial termination. A conscious and attentive attitude to her health will help a woman avoid many gynecological diseases and in the future experience the happiness of having healthy and full-fledged children.
Gynecological diseases can be divided into several groups: inflammatory diseases (adnexitis, vulvitis, vaginitis, cervicitis, endometritis, etc.); diseases caused by hormonal changes (menstrual disorders, polycystic ovaries, uterine fibroids, etc.); dystrophic, hyperplastic and tumor diseases (leukoplakia, kraurosis, cervical erosion, ovarian cysts, etc.). Each disease has its own clinical manifestations, but the most characteristic symptoms of many women’s diseases are abdominal pain, pathological discharge from the genital tract, menstrual function disorders.
Modern methods are widely used in the diagnosis of women’s diseases today: laboratory, ultrasound, endoscopic, laparoscopic, allowing to recognize the disease in its initial phase and timely carry out the necessary treatment.
The gold standard of gynecology assumes that even a woman who feels completely healthy, at least 1 time a year should undergo ultrasound of the pelvic organs, ultrasound of the mammary glands and take a cytological smear.
Creating a Medical directory of diseases on the website “Medic Journal”, we sought to provide you with the most complete information, including about existing gynecological diseases, prevention and control measures.
Medical science and practice does not stand still. Currently, new methods of healing previously considered incurable female ailments are emerging. The handbook of women’s diseases provides information on the latest methods of treatment of the most common women’s diseases.
Fetoplacental insufficiency is a complex of morphofunctional disorders on the part of the fetus and placenta, developing as a result of various extragenital and gynecological pathologies, as well as pregnancy complications. The presence of fetoplacental insufficiency may be accompanied by the threat of termination of pregnancy, hypoxia and fetal development delay, etc. Diagnosis of fetoplacental…
Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) is a severe complication of multiple monochorionic pregnancy, in which due to anastomoses in the vascular network of the placenta, an imbalance of blood flow occurs in fetuses. The manifestations are the disproportion of the development of twins, polyhydramnios in the bladder of the “recipient” with little water in the “donor”,…
Urethrovaginal fistula is a type of genitourinary fistula with the formation of a message between the urethra and the vagina. It is manifested by the excretion of urine through the vagina, its partial or complete incontinence, dysuria, spraying of a jet. Gynecological examination, colposcopy, probing of the fistula canal, urethrocystoscopy, intravesical administration of pigment substances,…
Ureaplasma in women is an infectious inflammatory disease of the genitourinary organs caused by the pathological activity of ureaplasmas. In 70-80% of cases, the disease occurs in the form of asymptomatic carrier. It can manifest itself with nonspecific dysuric symptoms, an increase in the number of transparent vaginal secretions, pulling pains in the lower abdomen…
Narrow pelvis is an obstetric concept implying a decrease in at least one of the sizes of the female pelvis compared to the norm (anatomical narrowing) or a mismatch in the size of the pelvis and fetus (functional narrowing), making it difficult for the fetus to pass through the bony base of the birth canal.…
Double uterus is a congenital anomaly of the structure of the genitals, characterized by the presence of two separate uterus and two forked vaginas. The clinic of double and vagina depends on the anatomical form of the defect; it may be accompanied by algodismenorrhea, hematocolpos formation, hematometers, infertility, miscarriage or be asymptomatic. Double uterus is…
Threatened abortion is the risk of miscarriage no later than 22 weeks of gestation. The condition is accompanied by aching or pulling pain in the lower abdomen, the release of a small amount of blood, but the cervix retains its structure. Diagnosis is based on complaints of the pregnant woman, clinical symptoms, examination, ultrasound data.…
Tubo-ovarian abscess is an acute purulent infectious and inflammatory disease of the uterine appendages, in which their melting occurs with the formation of a lumped formation. It is manifested by acute unilateral pain in the lower abdomen, nausea, vomiting, hyperthermia, dysuric disorders. For diagnosis, vaginal examination, transvaginal ultrasound, pelvic CT, laboratory methods are used. Drug…
Tuberculosis in pregnancy is a specific infectious disease with predominant destruction of lung tissue caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex that occurred before, during or immediately after gestation. It is manifested by weakness, sweating, decreased appetite, weight loss, subfebrility, cough, hemoptysis, shortness of breath, chest pain. It is diagnosed with the help of tuberculin samples, lung X-ray…
Tubal infertility is a variant of female infertility caused by functional or organic obstruction of the fallopian tubes. There are no specific symptoms. Like other forms of infertility, it is manifested by the inability to get pregnant in the presence of regular sexual relations for 6-12 months. When making a diagnosis, hysterosalpingography, ultrasound hysterosalpingoscopy, laparoscopy,…
